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Procedure

Relations between the EU and Saudi Arabia

2025/2082(INI)·10th term·AFET·INI
Summary

The dossier concerns relations between the EU and Saudi Arabia. Amendments cite prior resolutions including the killing of Jamal Khashoggi and the death penalty, address Saudi Arabia as an oil supplier within OPEC, its ties with China through Vision 2030 and the Belt and Road Initiative, the Public Investment Fund, human rights and women's rights concerns, executions, migrant workers, and a Strategic Partnership with the EU-GCC Summit.

Procedure timeline

  1. Committee amendments tabled
    10 Sep 2025
  2. Plenary vote — Adopted
    16 Dec 2025 · On the motion for a resolution · the text as a whole
212
Amendments
distinct, in window
30
Members
tabled at least one
1
Committee
10 Sep 2025
Dates

Plenary votes

5 roll-call votes

In plenary, Parliament usually votes in steps: first on amendments to the text (sometimes split into parts, so Members can accept one half of a sentence and reject the other), then on the text as a whole. The “main vote” is the one that adopts or rejects the text itself. Each vote below shows exactly which step it was. How voting works →

  1. Show the 2 earlier votes
    1. 16 Dec 2025Rejected
      On amendment 1S · paragraph 6
      Official label: § 6 - Am 1S · what was voted ↗
      215 for390 against56 abstentions58 did not vote
      For
      Against
      Abst.

      Click a group to see each Member’s position.

    2. 16 Dec 2025Rejected
      On amendment 2 · text to be inserted after paragraph 7
      Official label: Après le § 7 - Am 2 · what was voted ↗
      188 for431 against40 abstentions60 did not vote
      For
      Against
      Abst.

      Click a group to see each Member’s position.

  2. 16 Dec 2025Rejected
    On amendment 3 · paragraph 27
    Official label: § 27 - Am 3 · what was voted ↗
    155 for474 against25 abstentions65 did not vote
    For
    Against
    Abst.

    Click a group to see each Member’s position.

  3. 16 Dec 2025Rejected
    On amendment 4 · text to be inserted after paragraph 36
    Official label: Après le § 36 - Am 4 · what was voted ↗
    202 for412 against37 abstentions68 did not vote
    For
    Against
    Abst.

    Click a group to see each Member’s position.

  4. 16 Dec 2025Main voteAdopted
    On the motion for a resolution · the text as a whole
    Official label: Proposition de résolution (ensemble du texte) · what was voted ↗
    417 for131 against108 abstentions63 did not vote
    For
    Against
    Abst.

    Click a group to see each Member’s position.

Vote data: HowTheyVote.eu (ODbL, attribution) / European Parliament · roll-call votes only

Plenary amendments4 tabled on this text

Amendments tabled for the plenary sitting on this text, in their own numbering series. This is a different set from the committee amendments tracked elsewhere on AmendEU, and is not counted in any of the site’s amendment totals.

  1. Amendment 1Motion for a resolution · Paragraph 6
    Current text

    6. Reaffirms that the EU remains committed to advancing a safe, mutually beneficial, visa-free travel arrangement with the five remaining GCC countries, so as to ensure equal treatment of them, which could be assessed in the context of the new EU visa strategy; notes the significant economic importance of Saudi Arabian tourists for the EU Member States, particularly in supporting key sectors such as hospitality, retail and cultural industries; underlines that Saudi citizens do not present a source of irregular migration pressure4, and therefore invites the Commission and the Member States to consider the introduction of a Schengen visa waiver once the cascade is granted to facilitate tourism…

    Amendment

    deleted

    Excerpt — full text in the official PDF.
  2. Amendment 2Motion for a resolution · Paragraph 7 a (new)
    Amendment

    7a. Urges the EU and its Member States to make the ratification of a bilateral partnership and trade agreements with Saudi Arabia conditional on progress by Saudi Arabia in human rights, in particular its ratification of core human rights and labour rights conventions, the release of unjustly imprisoned individuals, and the implementation of human and labour rights reforms as necessary to meet international standards;

  3. Amendment 3Motion for a resolution · Paragraph 27
    Current text

    27. Calls for Saudi Arabia to reshape its energy landscape and move towards renewable energy and green hydrogen as part of its Vision 2030 plans; calls on Saudi Arabia to adhere to its commitments under the Paris Agreement and in accordance with UN expert opinion; notes that the EU stands ready to collaborate with its Saudi Arabian counterparts on projects advancing the environmental goals of both regions; highlights the commitment of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to the energy transition, recalling its pledge to reach net zero by 2060 and to produce 50 % of its electricity from renewable sources by 2030; welcomes, in this context, Saudi Arabia’s flagship project to produce four million tonnes…

    Amendment

    27. Calls for Saudi Arabia to reshape its energy landscape and move towards renewable energy and green hydrogen as part of its Vision 2030 plans; supports the UN experts’ call on Saudi Arabia to halt its plans to expand crude oil production, as well as its plans to explore further oil and gas reserves to increase production capacity, which would contribute to the risk of overshooting the 1.5 °C carbon budget and of increased climate change-related impacts on human rights, contrary to their own human rights responsibilities; urges Aramco to release key information on its overall emissions and the carbon intensity of its crude oil production; notes that the EU stands ready to collaborate with…

    Excerpt — full text in the official PDF.
  4. Amendment 4Motion for a resolution · Paragraph 36 a (new)
    Amendment

    36a. Urges Saudi Arabia to allow country visits by independent human rights monitors, who should produce regular independent human rights context reports with clear benchmarks for progress on the situation of human rights in the country;

Official amendment documents

Full record

Members who amended this procedure

30 Members · by amendment count
1
Ville NIINISTÖ
Ville NIINISTÖ
Greens / EFA · 🇫🇮 Finland
36(36 solo)
2
Antonio LÓPEZ-ISTÚRIZ WHITE
Antonio LÓPEZ-ISTÚRIZ WHITE
European People's Party (EPP) · 🇪🇸 Spain
24
3
Reinhold LOPATKA
Reinhold LOPATKA
European People's Party (EPP) · 🇦🇹 Austria
24
4
Engin EROGLU
Engin EROGLU
Renew Europe · 🇩🇪 Germany
22(3 solo)
5
Robert BIEDROŃ
Robert BIEDROŃ
Socialists & Democrats · 🇵🇱 Poland
21
6
Andreas SCHIEDER
Andreas SCHIEDER
Socialists & Democrats · 🇦🇹 Austria
21
7
Evin INCIR
Evin INCIR
Socialists & Democrats · 🇸🇪 Sweden
21
8
Marco TARQUINIO
Marco TARQUINIO
Socialists & Democrats · 🇮🇹 Italy
21
9
Chloé RIDEL
Chloé RIDEL
Socialists & Democrats · 🇫🇷 France
21
10
Marie-Agnes STRACK-ZIMMERMANN
Marie-Agnes STRACK-ZIMMERMANN
Renew Europe · 🇩🇪 Germany
20
11
Merja KYLLÖNEN
Merja KYLLÖNEN
The Left (GUE/NGL) · 🇫🇮 Finland
20
12
Jonas SJÖSTEDT
Jonas SJÖSTEDT
The Left (GUE/NGL) · 🇸🇪 Sweden
20
13
Bernard GUETTA
Bernard GUETTA
Renew Europe · 🇫🇷 France
19
14
Hilde VAUTMANS
Hilde VAUTMANS
Renew Europe · 🇧🇪 Belgium
19
15
Lucia YAR
Lucia YAR
Renew Europe · 🇸🇰 Slovakia
19
16
Hana JALLOUL MURO
Hana JALLOUL MURO
Socialists & Democrats · 🇪🇸 Spain
15(15 solo)
17
Jordan BARDELLA
Jordan BARDELLA
Patriots for Europe · 🇫🇷 France
15
18
Pierre-Romain THIONNET
Pierre-Romain THIONNET
Patriots for Europe · 🇫🇷 France
15
19
Matthieu VALET
Matthieu VALET
Patriots for Europe · 🇫🇷 France
15
20
António TÂNGER CORRÊA
António TÂNGER CORRÊA
Patriots for Europe · 🇵🇹 Portugal
13(13 solo)
21
Roberto VANNACCI
Roberto VANNACCI
Patriots for Europe · 🇮🇹 Italy
10
22
Silvia SARDONE
Silvia SARDONE
Patriots for Europe · 🇮🇹 Italy
10
23
Cristian TERHEŞ
Cristian TERHEŞ
European Conservatives & Reformists · 🇷🇴 Romania
10(10 solo)
24
Adam BIELAN
Adam BIELAN
European Conservatives & Reformists · 🇵🇱 Poland
9(9 solo)
25
Susanna CECCARDI
Susanna CECCARDI
Patriots for Europe · 🇮🇹 Italy
8

The amendments, in full text

212 amendments

Every amendment as tabled — original text, proposed change and justification, with a link to the official PDF.

The full amendment texts load as you scroll here.
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